Resumo. This current study had the objective to study the phenology of tree species Astronium graveolens Jacq. and correlates it with precipitation, relative humidity and temperature of the study area. The studies were conducted in a fragment of the deciduous forest in the campus of the State University of Southwest Bahia in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia state, Brazil. The subjects were visited fortnightly from September 2010 to December 2014, when the phenological characteristics related to senescence, budding, flowering and fruiting were recorded. Data analysis done through normality tests, utilization of circular statistics to test the seasonality of phenophases and correlation test of Spearman’s rank to check with which intensity and direction the climatic events were related to the phenophases. The species presented a foliar fall with deciduous pattern of high synchrony with concentration in the dry season, followed by budding highly synchronic that began in the early wet season. The flowering and fruiting presented a biennial pattern, being an event that was manifested as low sync at the asynchronous.