Resumo. The aim of this work was to evaluate the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in five areas cultivated with eucalipt (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden), pinus (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and native field, in arenization process, located in São Francisco de Assis-RS. The study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore community was carried out by direct and indirect identification and the diversity index determination. The analyzed areas were native field, 2 and 6 years-old eucalypt field and 2 and 12 years-old pinus field. The obtained results showed that the most frequent genera were Acaulospora, Scutellospora and Glomus. The highest diversity of species was found in area of native field, followed by 2 years-old Eucalyptus area. The Cluster analyses showed a similarity of the minimum 70 % to the species of FMAs identified through spores and 50 % to the areas being studied.