Resumo. ABSTRACT The present study aimed at showing the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish health questionnaire so-called Cuestionario de Salud Docente (CSD) for the Brazilian context with regard to the following variables: welfare (satisfaction and self-efficacy), and discomfort (musculoskeletal disorders, cognitive disorders, exhaustion and vocal cord disorders). Different steps were taken in order to ensure the quality of the translation and adaptation of the CSD concerning semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence between the original items and the translated ones. The final sample of the pilot study consisted of 697 teachers, 168 men and 529 women, aged between 18 and 52 years who worked in 3 Early Childhood Education Centers, 9 Elementary Schools from the 1st to 5th grade, 04 Elementary Schools from the 6th to 9th grade, and 4 High Schools. Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was used for assessing the temporal stability of the scores, and Cronbach's alpha test for the internal consistency of the dimensions and overall evaluation of the instrument, which showed a significant correlation. As a measuring instrument, the questionnaire is considered reliable to evaluate teacher’s health, in addition to containing guidelines for further studies on welfare and discomfort variables of Brazilian teachers.