Resumo. The study of seeds and seedlings morphology the purpose to obtain a larger knowledge their structures, besides supplying information about the germination, viability, storage and sowing methods, it aid the analysis of the vegetative cycle of the species supplying relative information to the identification. The main objective of this work was to develop methodology of identification of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Miers) through descriptions and illustrations of the external and internal morphological characteristics. The fruits and the seeds were harvested in the State Park of Dois Irmãos, in the municipal district of Recife-PE, Brasil, and led in sacks of polyethylene to the Laboratory of Seeds of the Department of Agronomy of the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco. The morphological characterization of the fruits, seeds and seedlings were accomplished, being taken measures of length and width. The description was made with aid of the estereoscopic binocular microscope. The seeds were desinfected with solution of sodium hypochlorite to 5% for five minutes and sowed into vermiculite sterilized and moisture with nistatine solution to 0,2%. It was found that the fruits are in a pixídio, dried fruit, bell-shaped. The seeds have imbiriba aryl funicular side and abundant endosperm, has hypogeal germination, the seedlings being classified as cryptocotyledonary, polyembryony occurring around 4%.